Frequency of Tunneled Central Venous Catheters Infection in Adults on Haemodialysis at Ibn Sina Hospital -Khartoum, Sudan: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Abstract

Background

 Global initiatives for the study of the outcomes in patients on dialysis consider the presence of catheter-related infections as a potentially devastating complication, being the most common cause of morbidity and the second of mortality. The risk of sepsis attributable to this condition is one hundred-fold greater than that of the general population. In the same way, it is considered that haemodialysis catheters represent the greatest risk of bacteremia, sepsis and death compared with other vascular accesses.

Objecvtives

To measure the frequency of tunneled central venous catheter infection among adult undergoing haemodialysis. 

Methods

 This is a cross sectional, descriptive, analytical hospital based study, included 81 adult patients with known history of end stage renal disease(ESRD), using tunneled central venous catheters as access to haemodialysis at Ibn Sina Hospital-Khartoum Sudan.

Result:

The predominant gender in this study was female gender 66.7% (n=54), as for age group, 58% (n= 47) of the study group were between 40-65 years old. 67.9% (n=55) had end stage renal disease for 1-10 years. most of the study group 96.3% (n=78) underwent two sessions of dialysis/week and the main site of tunneled central venous catheter among the patients was Internal jugular vein. Tunneled central venous catheter infection was present in 48.1% (n=39) of the study group. 86.4% (n=70) were known case of systemic hypertension, and 17.3% (n=14)had diabetes mellitus . 57% (n=46) of the study group were received prophylactic antibiotics at the time of catheter insertion. 37% (n=30) of the patients had tunneled central venous catheter for 3-6 months, 34.6% for 6 months to 2 years. old patients were more prone to catheter infection than younger groups, patients who had tunneled central venous catheter duration for 6 months and above (>2 years) were frequently infected compared to the group with less duration “<6 months”. There was a significant association with prophylactic antibiotics use at the time of insertion.

Conclusion: Long duration of tunneled central venous catheter, hypertension,diabetes mellitus and old age were major risk factors related to infection in haemodialysis patients. Promotion of the infection control precautions by educating and training the health providers is needed.